Ногаи и куманы: преемственность в культуре, родовой структуре, генетике и антропологии
Научная статья
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65076/Ключевые слова:
куманы, половцы, кипчаки, ногаи, казахи, башкиры, крымские татары, Дешт-и Кыпчак, КрымАннотация
Для верного позиционирования ногаев на этнокультурной карте Евразии необходимо понимать их этнические и культурные корни. Одним из ключевых вопросов, который может помочь в этом деле, является вопрос преемственности ногаев к западным либо восточным кипчакам. Цель и задачи исследования. Целью работы является определение верности соотнесения ногаев с западными или восточными кипчаками и преемственности от них. В рамках указанной цели сделана попытка провести анализ материальной и духовной культуры ногаев, сопоставив с западно-кипчакской; проведение параллелей в родоплеменном составе, популяционной генетике и антропологии. Материалы и методы. Привлечен широкий спектр трудов ученых, исследовавших куманскую и ногайскую культуру, родоплеменную структуру, результаты генетических исследований, а также материалы антропологии и краниалогии. Новизна исследования: Это продолжение первого полноценного исследования о принадлежности ногаев к западным либо восточным кипчакам. Впервые сопоставляются особенности половецкого и ногайского костюмов. Установлены три ветви «кипчакской» гаплогруппы Y-ДНК. Произведена попытка составления таблицы соответствий ногайских и половецких родов. Результаты. Широкий спектр нарративов подтверждают концепцию о ногаях как прямых потомков половецкого населения Западного Дешт-и Кипчака, сохранивших в себе его культурные особенности, родовую и генетическую преемственность, а также антропологический облик.
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